During the last few years, the answer is yes! Population levels are influenced by the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, which reduces the availability of shoaling fish, leading to low reproduction or starvation.
Other wildlife, such as some species of marine iguanas, also use these rocky surfaces for their nests, competing with penguins in a few remaining places.
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Galapagos Penguin inside an artificial nest © Dr.
Among these species is the Galapagos penguin, a curiosity, as it lives in tropical waters and is the most northerly of all species.
In order to succeed, projects need to link everything from species management to habitat restoration and tackling the human issues.
Unlike most cold-water penguins, they have several adaptations that allow them to tolerate the warmer climate of Galapagos.
Description: Dee Boersma Each year, Dr.